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 His Excellency, Grand Ayatullah Mohseni, son of Mohammad Mirza Mohseni was born in a religious and faithful family in
Kandahar city on 26th April 1936 (2nd Sawr 1314- 22nd Moharram 1354). He went to
Pakistan with his father in 1949 where he learned Urdu Language.
In the name of Almighty Allah, the compassionate the merciful
Biography
1- birth
2- scholarly competencies
3- ethical particulars
4- studies and learning method
5- method of teaching
6- journeys
7- meetings
8- memories
9- special memories
10- advices
11- books printed
12- unprinted books
1- Birth
His Excellency, Grand Ayatullah Mohseni, son of Mohammad Mirza Mohseni was born in a religious and faithful family in
Kandahar city on 26th April 1936 (2nd Sawr 1314- 22nd Moharram 1354). He went to
Pakistan with his father in 1949 where he learned Urdu Language.
He joined the chamber of commerce of
Kandahar as a staff in the year (1331), but since he was too interested in getting religious education, he left the work and went to Jaghori (a district in Ghazni) and studied literature and logic there for eight months.
Mr. Mohseni traveled to Najaf (
iraq) in the year (1332) to get further religious education. he completed the general lessons (sutooh) within two and half years in Nafaf, then began getting higher education (Kharej–fiqh-Usool) from Grand Ayatullah Syed Mohsen Hakim, Grand Ayatullah Shaikh Hussain Hilly, Ayatullah Abdul Aala Sabzwari and Grand Ayatullah Khuee. Following twelve years study in Najaf (
Iraq) he returned to his birth place
Kandahar, built a religious school (madrasa) and a great Mosuq there.
In the year (1357) he set off for
Saudi Arabia to perform Haj, and then he went to
Syria where he taught religious students for a few months. In the spring of (1357) he traveled to
Iran (
Qom) and there he along with some other Afghan religious leaders founded the party of (Harakat-e-Islami-Afghanistan). The party under his leadership soon built more than one hundred centers for Mujahedeen in nineteen
province of
Afghanistan to fight against the Russian aggression.
During the first government of Mujahedeen in Kbaul he served as secretary and spokesman of the supreme council of the Islamic State of Afghanistan. After the civil war started among the different groups of Mujahedeen in
Kabul, he left the country and settled in
Islamabad
Pakistan. In the year (1367) he left
Islamabad for
Qom-
Iran and started teaching higher stages of religious subjects (kharej-e-fiqh, elm-e-Kalam, elm-e-rejal) there.
In the wake of collapse of Taliban rule in
Afghanistan, he returned from
Iran to
Kabul and he has been living here since then. He has built the great religious, scientific and cultural complex of Khatam-u-nabieen and established Tamadon Television net-work during the past years in
Kabul. Recognition of Shiia sect besides other sects of Islam in
Afghanistan is also one of his leading achievements he struggled for in
Afghanistan.
Scholarly ingenuity:
Grand Ayatollah Mohseni has proved to be extraordinarily intelligent during his studies and better than his fellows. he has done great researches in Fiqh and Rejal and studied widely in different other subjects. he was noticed by his instructors during the studies and has got certificates in subjects of Elmi-e rejal and Hadidh
Ethical particulars:
He, who knows him closely, understands his great and worthy personality. His competent and prominent personality and excellent behavior has made him know as great religious scholar. Writer, who has been in close contact with him, is providing details about his exceptional characteristics.
1- He is just, and always respects the ideas of others. He loves to reach the reality and that’s why he spends most of his times on study to know the opinions of other scholars about various subjects. He even tries to get aware of the ideas of unknown scholars.
2- He shows vast patience and tolerance in behaving with people especially when faces different and unsuitable questions. He answers them politely and usually keeps silent when faces the insistence of debaters to claim that their ideas are correct.
3- The only purpose of His Excellency has been to teach sincerely the students and train them to be outstanding personalities of the future. He teaches freely unlike the routine of centers and teachers who take fees for their works. He behaves with his students like a kind father and always warns them on good and bad. it is worth mentioning that he put his steps on the path of his grand instructors such Ayatollah Syed Mohsin Hakim, Ayatollah Shaikh Hussain Helly, Ayatollah Syed Abdul Aala Sabzwari and Ayatollah Khuie. As writer has noticed, he asks his students to ask him about the lesson if not understand. He advises his students to respect the elders and teachers.
4- There are many scholars who try to keep silent over the important issues of Islamic world but Mr. Mohseni unlike them has been active and works for islam without pursuing his personal benefits. he is know as a pious religious scholar among the shiia and sunni in the country and the sunnies call him a force for the unity between shiia and sunies. most of the audience of his speeches in the mosques and Husainia's are sunni people who hold lots of reverence for him.
5- He always advises his student to trust and remember Allah Almighty and keep pity in their all works and activities. He used to tell to his students about his experiences during the study and reciting this verse of holy Quran () certainly people get confidence and peace through remembering the holy God and he, who reaches this stage will never be defeated as he is doing all for the sake of Allah.
6- He is patient against the hardship and difficulties. Students of Islamic religious Madrassas are facing many problems such as poverty, and loneliness at the primary stages of their studies. Great scholars, Foqaha and jurisprudents have faced many hardships during their studies but they continued their studies. Ayatollah Mohseni as well has passed many difficulties during his study.
7- All affairs of humankind and universe are based in discipline and strict regulation. Earth, other planets, seasons, days and nights are organized strictly and Allah almighty says: every this is created according to meticulous calculation and for specific purposes. ( «إِنَّا كُلَّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقْناهُ بِقَدَرٍ»[قمر49] ) Ali (as) in this regard says: every thing of the pasts and futures are known and explained in Holy Quran («الا انّ فيه علم ما يأتي و الحديث عن الماضي و دواء دائكم و نظم ما بينكم»[ نهج البلاغه، فيض، خطبه 157]) Grand Ayatollah Mohseni has been very disciplined in his life. he has been regular in the class during his study and now and he never ignore the rule and regulations. he begins and ends the classes in time.
8- Ayatollah Mohseni has had close relationship with all his instructors and tried to follow their paths in all parts of his life. He is not only a jurisprudent, religious scholar, but has vast knowledge about economy, social science and culture. He is well aware of the political situation of the country, people and his worldwide information is always appreciated. He knows Pashtu, Arabic and Urdu languages and has written many books in these languages.
Method of study:
The way a person studies is very important for his improvements and self study has proved to be very effective in learning and expanding one's knowledge. Mr. Mohseni advises his students to study more, ask more, take brief notes after studies, and study according to time table. he has told the students that obeying these rules will save their times, improve their knowledge, consolidate their understanding, and help them remember the subjects and themes.
Method of teaching and discussion:
Every teacher and instructor has his method for teaching the students. Those who could convey the knowledge to the students and make them understand are successful teachers and instructors. Grand Ayatollah Mohseni teaches so eloquently and clearly that students get not bored and wish that class continues. He comprehensively clarifies the lesson and leaves no ambiguity for the students. He is expert in Arabic literature and opens the Fiqhi and Usuli themes efficiently. His proficiency and wide knowledge about Hadidh and Rawayat are appreciated and his ideas are quite different with others in this field. He compares ideas of different schools of thoughts and opens the misgivings about some religious themes. (Ahkams) He has done great researches for finding answers to the questions found newly which can be seen especially in his weekly speeches about Islamic philosophy.
Journeys
Grand Ayatollah Mohseni has traveled to several countries, in most the journeys he has attended social, cultural and political conferences. He initially traveled to
Iraq for getting education and he has visited
Saudi Arabia,
Iran,
Pakistan,
Lebanon,
Turkey,
Kuwait,
Jordon,
Britain,
Germany,
France,
Austria,
Senegal,
Sudan and
Russia.
Meetings:
Grand Ayatollah Mohseni is a competent and well-known personality in
Afghanistan and he has met several international figures and leaders around the world. He met General Zia ulhaq and Ghulam Ishaq Khan late presidents of
Pakistan during his visit to that country. He talked to general secretary of UN in the year 1993, met Mr. Hafiz Asad late president of
Syria in 1994, president of
Sudan, King of Saudi Arabia, two former and current presidents of
Iran. He has met different envoys of UN and international Organization in the country.
Memories:
1- During my journey to
France in 1988 I had a meeting with chief of French Parliament. In the evening he insisted to have dinner with him, I rejected his suggestion and said that as they had different style and habit of eating I could not join them. However he persisted and as well promised me to prepare the dishes according to Muslim's tradition. But when the dishes were prepared I saw the bottles of wine and refrained seating and eating with them. Chief of French parliament ordered to bring me boiled eggs and the eggs were prepared again I saw they were prepared in French style. Despite the persistence of host and my sever hunger, I avoided eating and pretended not to take dinner. I remember it as I was too hungry and passed the whole night hungrily.
2- Once during my speech in
Kandahar, I called the women that I needed some gold to adorn the minaret of the mosque. I was wondered when a day later they brought me a kilo of Gold, I thanked them and sold the gold and spent the money for building the mosque.
Special memories:
People have different thoughts and habits and accordingly they have their good and bad memories. Great personalities have their own memories that vary common people's memories. According to writer's notes Grand Ayatollah Mohseni has said several times that the day when Shiia Sect was recognized as one of the official Islamic sects in
Afghanistan, is happiest memories in his life. He has said as well: problems of Muslims, disunity among them and current bad situation all around the world always disturb him.
Advices:
People see different scenes and experiences during the life, they see the fight between right and wrong, aggressors and aggresses, scholars and ignorant. But the experiences of virtuous scholars, who have reached the mature stages of their life, are the most valuable wealth that can guide people to the right path. Writer who is one of the students of Grand Ayatollah Mohseni, says that he has always been advised to treat the people while suppose them as the most honest people of the world.
The following notes are the most important points he has recommended.
1- Virtue and honesty is the real source of esteem and honor for human
2- Shiias and Sunnis are brothers except Nasibis and Ghalis
3- appearance doesn't make the personality, knowledge is the real wealth
4- Hajj pilgrimage ceremony can be a good source of income for the Muslims if manage properly. Prohibition of imports from nonmuslim country also provides great benefits for Muslims.
5- He, who wants to reach high stages of knowledge must study sixteen hours of 24 hours.
6- reaching paradise without loving prophet Mohammad (peace be upon him) and his (Ahlbait) is not possible
7- Eid of Ghadir-e Khom is greatest after (Baadhat)
8- Allah Almighty examine the people according to their ability
9- relying on God makes all works easy
10- believe in hereafter makes the life meaningful
11- Muslims should not be heedless to their surrounding, they are according to Holy Quran brothers of each other
12- choosing friend can makes your future
13- Faithful men are not harmed twice by one thing/ person
14- Human has been given wisdom and is free in his deeds; he/she should not blame others for their failures.
15- before you go to bed, do have a calculation of what you have done during the day
16- a morsel eaten illegally, makes all life dirty
17- Muslim countries will not progress unless they get conscience and change the system of getting education
18- law makers first should obey the laws
19- prejudice should be put aside
20- wrong expectations are obstacles in the ways of marriages they should be abolished
21- infection of more than 40 million people with AIDS is a result of being away from religion
22- youthfulness, wealth and position are important, but the way to use them, is more important
23- relying on God doesn't mean to leave struggles
24- to satisfy Allah Almighty is the greatest wealth
25- prostration versus God is highest stage of God's slavery
26- poverty is curse and it should be avoided
27- suspicion about a faithful is a grave sin
28- youthful is apple eye of a society and should be doing all good
29- Muslims are backward for not obeying Islam
30- as a human trust yourself, be confident and don't forget the outcome of your deeds, honest is the best policy
31- experience means not to repeat your mistakes
32- we can compensate our mistakes, if we don't lose our hop to God Almighty
33- today and tomorrow should be similar otherwise we lose
34- to follow the people is the greatest defeat
35- what a faithful has lost, is knowledge and God's satisfaction
36- satanic temptation is not stronger than one's determination
37- women are graceful with hijab
38- poverty is finished if people stop squandering
39- If Muslims had been united,
Israel would not have come into being
40- Hazrat Mahdi will bring real globalization
Books printed:
Grand Ayatollah Mohseni has written more than 63 books with religious theme, Fiqh, and on politics. Followings are the most important ones
1 - Limte of shria at unlawfuls and essentialness(4 volume relevant to fige(jurisprudence) science )
2 - Islamic believes
3 - فوائد رجالیة
4 - metaphysic
5 - Quran an Islamic document
6 - benefits of religion in life
7 - moderate economy
8 - معجم الاحادیث المعتبرة - در شش جلد
9 - fiqh and medical issues(2 volume)
10 -Islamic government
11 - in arabic (2 volume) description of baharol-anvar
12 - الضمانات الفقهیة و اسبابها
13 - rules of tenet abd jurisprudence(in Arabic)
14 - soul from religious point of view
15 - intellect and spiritual science new
16 -بحوث فی علم الرجال (in Arabic)
17 - Access religions from view until action
18 - ethics in islam new
19 - discussions on Islamic government
20 – فوائد دمشقیه( in Arabic)
21 - political history of Mujhideen government (in
Afghanistan)
22 - religion and life
23 - Islamic believe from philosophy and science point of view
24 - religion and economy
25 - relations of among human
26 - way of our progress
27 - theology minus religion
28 - era of youthfulness
29 - believe for all
30 - and martyrdom fate
31 - Islamic jehad (2 volume)
32 - ratification of constitution
33 - woman in Islamic sharia
34 - (in martial) Rulings of Taqlid
35 - (in medico) Rulings of Taqlid
36 - justice of sahaba
37 - war in darkness(what is the difference of shia and soni)
38 - Imam Mahdi (A S)
39 - believe, fiqh and ethic
40 - variety
41 - answers to 66 religious issues
42 - (onomatopoeia) Tasnem
43 - duties of religious scholar
44 - defense and movement
45 - description of Islamic government
46 - building our character
47 - useful discipline
48 - issues of
London
49 - issues of
Kabul
50 - the version of shams verses
51 - agument
52 - unity of Islamic Umma
53 - الارض فی الفقه
54 - view of passenger( in Arabic)
55 - demants of shias in
Afghanistan
56 - materialization of unity of Islamic Umma
57 - articles
58 - oneness of God
59 - duties of parts of body
60 - Islamic solidarity
61 - issues of Parachenar
Unprinted Books:
Grand Ayatollah Mohseni has written more than 40 books that have not been printed yet. These books are about politics, fiqh and various subjects
1. شرح کتاب صوم العروه
2. تعلیقه بر جامع الاحادیث
3. هدایة المو منین
4. dewan-e Mohseni (poem)
5. idea and our view points
6. in refuge of God
7. شرح کفایة الاصو
8. star of Islam
9. discussion of two friends
10. شرح طهاره العروه
11. .عجایب و مطالب
12. future of seminaries (religious schools)
13. notes about history and assessments
14. memories(5 volume)
15. تعلیقه برکتاب حدود
16. تعلیقه بر کتاب مناسک حج
17. شرح کتاب اجاره العروه
18. الجواهر المنتخبه فی الروایات المعتبرة (در شش جلد)(6 volume in Arabic)
19. kashkool mohseni
20. description of zakat book
21. juridical books description of
22. limitation and penaltys description of
23. nemesis description of
24. شرح کتاب الطهاره
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